默认CentOS7.x是无法直接升级到8.x任何版本的，为了解决CentOS7.x升级到8.x版本的问题，AlmaLinux推出了一个名为ELevate项目来帮助用户从7.x版本升级到8.x。
ELevate支持的操作系统有：AlmaLinux8、CentOS8、EuroLinux8、Oracle Linux8、Rocky Linux8。
项目官方网址：https://almalinux.org/elevate/
github开源地址：https://github.com/AlmaLinux/leapp-repository/tree/almalinux
请注意升级前一定要做好数据备份，避免某种原因导致升级失败！！！
CentOS7.x升级至RockyLinux8.x开始
1、更新当前CentOS7.x版本为最新
| 更新 | yumupdate |
|---|
2、更新完成后重启
| 重启 | reboot |
|---|
3、安装elevate库
yum install -y http://repo.almalinux.org/elevate/elevate-release-latest-el7.noarch.rpm 4、安装leapp包以及升级包
在文章开始介绍了ELevate支持5个7.x至8.x版本的系统升级，所以这里你要先确定要升级的8.x版本是哪一个，然后安装对应的升级包。
我这里是从7.x升级到rocky8.x，所以需要安装leapp-data-rocky包
yum install leapp-upgrade leapp-data-rocky -y注：如果你是要升级到其他8.x版本则需要安装其他的包，总之想要升级到哪个版本就安装哪个
leapp-upgrade leapp-data-almalinux
leapp-upgrade leapp-data-centos
leapp-upgrade leapp-data-eurolinux
leapp-upgrade leapp-data-oraclelinux
5、升级前检查
执行升级前检查命令，Leapp会创建一个/var/log/leapp/leapp-report.txt文件，这个文件会包含可能出现的问题以及推荐的解决方案，在检查阶段，不会安装任何rpm包组。
注：如果你当前不允许root登录，则需要执行以下命令，放通root
sed -i 's/#PermitRootLogin yes/PermitRootLogin yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config执行升级前检查命令
| 检查 | leapppreupgrade |
|---|
============================================================
UPGRADE INHIBITED
============================================================
Upgrade has been inhibited due to the following problems:
1. Inhibitor: A YUM/DNF repository defined multiple times
2. Inhibitor: Missing required answers in the answer file
Consult the pre-upgrade report for details and possible remediation.
============================================================
UPGRADE INHIBITED
============================================================
Debug output written to /var/log/leapp/leapp-preupgrade.log
============================================================
REPORT
============================================================
A report has been generated at /var/log/leapp/leapp-report.json
A report has been generated at /var/log/leapp/leapp-report.txt
============================================================
END OF REPORT
============================================================解决检查出现的问题：
问题一：因为我这里安装了内网的yum源，和默认的源冲突了，所以我需要把冲突的源解决掉，如果你没有改动过yum源的话，一般也不会出现yum源的报错。
问题二：查看log
cat /var/log/leapp/leapp-report.txt可以看到需要你执行这个命令
leapp answer --section remove_pam_pkcs11_module_check.confirm=True问题解决完成后，再次执行升级前检查命令，确保检查升级通过
leapp preupgrade看到以下内容，即表示检查通过
============================================================
REPORT
============================================================
A report has been generated at /var/log/leapp/leapp-report.json
A report has been generated at /var/log/leapp/leapp-report.txt
============================================================
END OF REPORT
============================================================6、
| 开始升级 | leapp upgrade |
|---|
A reboot is required to continue. Please reboot your system.
Debug output written to /var/log/leapp/leapp-upgrade.log
============================================================
REPORT
============================================================
A report has been generated at /var/log/leapp/leapp-report.json
A report has been generated at /var/log/leapp/leapp-report.txt
============================================================
END OF REPORT
============================================================7、根据上面提示，重启系统
| 重启系统 | reboot |
|---|
重启后可以看到，系统还在进行升级操作
升级完成后，还会自动重启，二次自动重启完成后就是最新的Rocky8系统了
8、查看升级后的系统版本
| 1 | cat/etc/os-release |
|---|
NAME="Rocky Linux"
VERSION="8.7 (Green Obsidian)"
ID="rocky"
ID_LIKE="rhel centos fedora"
VERSION_ID="8.7"
PLATFORM_ID="platform:el8"
PRETTY_NAME="Rocky Linux 8.7 (Green Obsidian)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;32"
LOGO="fedora-logo-icon"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:rocky:rocky:8:GA"
HOME_URL="https://rockylinux.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.rockylinux.org/"
ROCKY_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Rocky-Linux-8"
ROCKY_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="8.7"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Rocky Linux"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="8.7"
至此升级完成
